Phân tích"The housing shortage in big cities can cause severe social consequences. Some people think only government action can solve this problem. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above statement?"IELTS WRITING TASK 2 (Kèm bài mẫu + Giải thích vocab)

Bên cạnh Phân tích bài essay về "The number of visitors in the UK" IELTS WRITING TASK 1 (table), IELTS TUTOR hướng dẫn Phân tích "The housing shortage in big cities can cause severe social consequences. Some people think only government action can solve this problem. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above statement?" IELTS WRITING TASK 2.

The housing shortage in big cities can cause severe social consequences. Some people think only government action can solve this problem. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above statement?

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Dạng opinion essay thì đã rất quen thuộc với các bạn học sinh lớp IELTS ONLINE WRITING 1 KÈM 1 của IELTS TUTOR rồi nhé.
• Dạng opinion essay, nếu theo hướng TOTALLY AGREE có thể bố cục bài như sau:
  • Body 1: Nêu lí do thứ 1 vì sao TOTALLY AGREE.
    • Main idea: The government’s role in balancing demand and supply in housing is indisputable.
      • Supporting idea: 
        • With huge resources from the national budget from tax collection, the ultimate right in land management and planning, and the priority in the mobilization of human resources to serve the cause of bringing stability to society, the government can build social housing at low prices coupled with the financial package for people with low income to afford their apartments with mortgage loans >> IELTS TUTOR giới thiệu Từ vựng topic "apartment" 
      • Example: Singapore is a country that has a very successful social housing program. The government owns and manages about 80% of the housing stock in Singapore, and it provides affordable housing to about 85% of the population.
  • Body 2: Nêu lí do thứ 2 vì sao TOTALLY AGREE.
    • Main idea: Only limited support for housing problems will come from the private sector because of the greatest challenge of technical and social infrastructures >> IELTS TUTOR hướng dẫn Cách dùng từ "sector" tiếng anh
      • Supporting idea: Costly and even non-profit transport facilities, hospitals, schools and markets can be easily provided by the government for the establishment of new residential areas.
      • Example: 

        The housing crisis in California exemplifies this issue. The state faces a dire shortage of affordable housing, with the private sector unable to keep up with the demand due to the exorbitant costs of land, labor, and materials required for construction, as well as the technical complexities involved in adhering to stringent earthquake and fire safety regulations.

IELTS TUTOR gợi ý bài tham khảo:

It is widely acknowledged that the housing crunch (housing crunch – English: a serious shortage of available homes; Vietnamese: khủng hoảng nhà ở) in metropolitan areas can lead to a range of dire social ramifications (dire social ramifications – English: extremely serious negative consequences for society; Vietnamese: hậu quả nghiêm trọng cho xã hội). I totally agree that only state intervention (state intervention – English: actions taken by the government to influence a situation; Vietnamese: sự can thiệp của chính phủ) can effectively address this issue.

The government plays an indispensable role (indispensable role – English: a role that is absolutely necessary; Vietnamese: vai trò không thể thiếu) in balancing housing demand and supply. With its monopoly on land-use planning (monopoly on land-use planning – English: exclusive control over how land is developed; Vietnamese: quyền kiểm soát độc quyền trong quy hoạch sử dụng đất), substantial tax revenues, and administrative power, the government can provide subsidized housing schemes (subsidized housing schemes – English: programs offering homes at reduced prices; Vietnamese: chương trình nhà ở được trợ giá), especially for low-income earners. For instance, Singapore stands out with its public housing program, where around 80% of the population resides in government-built apartments. Such a centrally coordinated effort (centrally coordinated effort – English: organized and led by the government; Vietnamese: nỗ lực được điều phối bởi trung ương) would be extremely difficult for the private sector to replicate.

Moreover, the private sector is typically profit-driven (profit-driven – English: primarily motivated by earning profits; Vietnamese: lấy lợi nhuận làm động lực chính) and thus reluctant to invest in areas that lack proper infrastructure. However, the development of essential social amenities (essential social amenities – English: necessary facilities like schools, hospitals, transport; Vietnamese: tiện ích xã hội thiết yếu) such as schools, roads, and hospitals is capital-intensive (capital-intensive – English: requiring a lot of money to build; Vietnamese: cần nhiều vốn đầu tư), often yielding little or no immediate financial return. In this regard, government agencies are more equipped to shoulder the burden (shoulder the burden – English: take responsibility for something difficult; Vietnamese: gánh vác trách nhiệm). A vivid example is California, where housing developers struggle to build affordable homes due to exorbitant (exorbitant – English: unreasonably high; Vietnamese: quá cao) construction costs and complex safety regulations. Without state support, large-scale affordable housing simply cannot be realized.

In conclusion, the government is the only actor capable of addressing the housing shortage on a national scale due to its unique powers and resources.

New Vocabulary:

1. Housing crunch (housing crisis, housing shortage, housing deficit / housing surplus, housing boom, housing abundance)
   IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: "the housing crunch in metropolitan areas"

2. Dire social ramifications (serious consequences, grave impacts, alarming outcomes / minor effects, negligible consequences, trivial impact)
   IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: "can lead to a range of dire social ramifications"

3. State intervention (government involvement, public sector action, federal aid / laissez-faire approach, private initiative, non-intervention)
   IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: "only state intervention can effectively address this issue"

4. Indispensable role (essential role, crucial position, pivotal function / unnecessary role, minor part, replaceable function)
   IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: "The government plays an indispensable role"

5. Monopoly on land-use planning (exclusive planning rights, land authority, zoning power / shared planning, decentralized control, community zoning)
   IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: "With its monopoly on land-use planning..."

6. Subsidized housing schemes (affordable housing programs, government-sponsored housing, low-cost housing plans / market-rate housing, luxury housing, privately funded schemes)
   IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: "can provide subsidized housing schemes..."

7. Centrally coordinated effort (government-led initiative, national-level planning, unified strategy / fragmented efforts, decentralized planning, individual attempts)
   IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: "such a centrally coordinated effort..."

8. Profit-driven (commercially motivated, revenue-focused, business-oriented / non-profit, altruistic, mission-driven)
   IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: "the private sector is typically profit-driven..."

9. Essential social amenities (basic public services, necessary infrastructure, vital facilities / luxury amenities, non-essential features, optional extras)
   IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: "the development of essential social amenities..."

10. Capital-intensive (costly, investment-heavy, resource-demanding / low-cost, affordable, lean)
    IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: "capital-intensive, often yielding little or no immediate financial return"

11. Shoulder the burden (take on the responsibility, bear the cost, handle the pressure / avoid responsibility, offload burden, shift blame)
    IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: "government agencies are more equipped to shoulder the burden"

12. Exorbitant (outrageous, sky-high, excessive / reasonable, affordable, modest)
    IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: "due to exorbitant construction costs..."

Grammar Structures + Vietnamese Translation:

1. It is widely acknowledged that...
   ➤ Cấu trúc bị động trang trọng để mở đầu luận điểm
   ➤ "It is widely acknowledged that the housing crunch in metropolitan areas can lead to a range of dire social ramifications."
   → Người ta thừa nhận rộng rãi rằng cuộc khủng hoảng nhà ở ở các thành phố lớn có thể dẫn đến nhiều hậu quả xã hội nghiêm trọng.

2. With its monopoly on..., the government can...
   ➤ Câu phức mở rộng ý nguyên nhân – kết quả
   ➤ "With its monopoly on land-use planning, substantial tax revenues, and administrative power, the government can provide subsidized housing schemes..."
   → Với quyền kiểm soát độc quyền trong quy hoạch sử dụng đất, nguồn thu thuế lớn và quyền lực hành chính, chính phủ có thể cung cấp các chương trình nhà ở được trợ giá.

3. A vivid example is...
   ➤ Cụm từ liên kết để đưa ví dụ minh họa rõ ràng
   ➤ "A vivid example is California..."
   → Một ví dụ điển hình là bang California...

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